A specialized cooking appliance employs the intense heat generated from burning anthracite or bituminous material to bake pizzas. These ovens typically reach temperatures exceeding 800 degrees Fahrenheit, significantly higher than conventional gas or electric models. This rapid heating allows for a quick cooking time, often just a few minutes, resulting in a characteristic charred crust and smoky flavor.
The high heat and distinctive flavor profile imparted by this type of oven are highly valued by pizza enthusiasts and chefs. The rapid cooking process seals in moisture, preventing the pizza from becoming soggy. Historically, the use of this heating method has been linked to the culinary traditions of Naples, Italy, where it is considered essential for authentic Neapolitan pizza. The intense heat also contributes to a unique textural contrast, with a crisp exterior and a soft, pliable interior.